Tun daga farkon wannan shekara, farashin teku a duniya ya ci gaba da faduwa a cikin mahallin babban tushe a farkon matakin, kuma yanayin raguwa ya karu tun daga kashi na uku na uku.
A ranar 9 ga watan Satumba, bayanan da kasuwar hada-hadar sufurin jiragen ruwa ta Shanghai ta fitar sun nuna cewa, yawan kayayyakin da ake fitarwa daga tashar jiragen ruwa ta Shanghai zuwa kasuwar Basic Port ta Meixi ya kai dalar Amurka 3,484/FEU (kwantin mai kafa 40), ya ragu da kashi 12% daga lokacin da ya gabata, kuma mafi karanci tun watan Agusta. 2020!
A ranar 2 ga Satumba, farashin ya faɗi sama da kashi 20 cikin ɗari, daga sama da $5,000 zuwa “uku”
Masana'antar na sa ran cewa hauhawar farashin kayayyaki a kasashen ketare, matsin tattalin arziki na kara tsananta, idan aka kwatanta da farashin jigilar kayayyaki na bara na dubun-dubatar daloli, kashi na hudu na kasuwar hada-hadar kayayyaki ta duniya har yanzu ba ta da kwarin gwiwa, ko kuma za ta bayyana a cikin lokacin kololuwa ba kasuwa ce mai wadata ba, farashin kaya zai kara faduwa.
Farashin jigilar kaya a gabar Yamma ya ragu da kashi 90% daga girman na bara!
Kwata na uku shi ne lokacin kololuwar al'ada ta kasuwar jigilar kayayyaki ta duniya, amma a bana farashin kaya bai tashi kamar yadda ake tsammani ba, amma raguwar da ba kasafai ake samu ba.
A ranar 9 ga watan Satumba, ma'aunin jigilar kayayyaki na Shanghai ya fitar da maki 2562.12, wanda ya ragu da kashi 10 cikin 100 idan aka kwatanta da na baya-bayan nan, wanda aka yi a mako na 13 a jere.A cikin rahotanni 35 na mako-mako da ta fitar ya zuwa yanzu a bana, ya fadi cikin 30 daga cikinsu.
Bisa sabon bayanan da aka samu, farashin kaya (jigin teku da kari) da ake fitarwa daga tashar jiragen ruwa na Shanghai zuwa manyan kasuwannin tashar jiragen ruwa na Yamma da Gabashin Amurka sun kasance dala 3,484 / FEU da $7,767 / FEU a ranar 9th, ya ragu da kashi 12% da 6.6. % idan aka kwatanta da lokacin da ya gabata, bi da bi.Farashin Yamma da Amurka sun sami sabon rahusa tun watan Agusta 2020. A ranar 2 ga Satumba, hanyar US-West ta fadi da kashi 22.9 cikin dari zuwa $3,959 /FEU daga $5,134 a ranar 26 ga Agusta. fiye da 30%;Tare da farashi a $ 7,334 / FEU akan Yuli 1, hanyar US-West ta faɗi fiye da 50% tun kwata na uku.
Idan aka yi la’akari da cewa farashin wasu hanyoyin zuwa yammacin Amurka a bara ya haura dala 30,000, sabon kayan dakon kaya na USD2850/HQ ya fadi da kashi 90% idan aka kwatanta da na bara!
Rahoton kasuwar hada-hadar sufurin jiragen ruwa ta Shanghai ya yi nuni da cewa, a baya-bayan nan ayyukan da ake yi a kasuwannin jigilar kayayyaki na kasar Sin zuwa kasashen waje ba su da yawa, wato rashin saurin bukatu na sufuri.Ga hanyoyin Arewacin Amurka, hangen nesa yana da tabarbarewa a daidai lokacin da Tarayyar Tarayya za ta ci gaba da ƙarfafawa don ɗaukar hauhawar farashin kayayyaki.A cikin makon da ya gabata, aikin kasuwar sufuri ya kasa inganta, kuma tushen samar da kayayyaki da buƙatu ba su da ƙarfi, abin da ya haifar da ci gaba da koma baya na farashin jigilar kayayyaki na kasuwa.
Ya kamata a ambata cewa, kididdigar kididdigar kididdigar da ake kira Shanghai Composite na yawan jigilar kaya zuwa kasashen waje, ta nuna cewa farashin kayayyakin dakon kaya ya ragu na tsawon makonni 17 a jere daga kololuwar farkon shekara, sannan kuma ya sake komawa na tsawon makonni 4, sannan kuma ya fadi na tsawon makonni 13 a jere, inda ya fadi kasa kasa. matakin makamancin haka a bara a karshen watan Yuli.Kasuwar faɗuwa da faɗuwa, ko da a rana ɗaya, na iya kaiwa ɗaruruwan daloli.
A cikin wasu mahimman bayanai, Ma'anar Drury's World Container Transport Index (WCI) ya ƙi tsawon makonni 28 a jere, yana faɗuwa 5% zuwa $ 5,378.68 / FEU a cikin sabon lokaci, ƙasa da 47% daga shekara guda da ta gabata da 46% sama da matsakaicin shekaru 5. $3,679;Ma'aunin haɗin gwiwar FBX na duniya na farashin kaya ya kasance a $4,862 / FEU, bayan faɗuwar 8% a makon da ya gabata.
Ma'aunin Dry na Baltic na farashin kaya ya tashi da maki 35 ko kusan 3% zuwa 1,213 ranar Juma'a, bayan ya tashi da kashi 11.7% a makon da ya gabata zuwa matakinsa mafi girma tun tsakiyar watan Mayu.Amma bayan faduwar sama da kashi 49 cikin 100 a watan Agusta, ma'aunin ya kuma kasance a matakin mafi ƙanƙanta cikin kusan shekaru biyu.
A daidai lokacin da farashin kaya ya ragu, da kuma farashin hannun jarin kamfanin jigilar kaya
Kwanan nan, farashin jigilar kayayyaki ya fadi a cikin farashin hannun jari na kamfanonin da aka jera sun nuna.
A karshen watan Yuni, sashen na Marine ya ga tashin gwauron zabi.Yawancin kamfanonin jigilar kayayyaki sun ga farashin hannun jarin su ya sake komawa sosai bayan kwata na biyu da aka samu har yanzu yana da ƙarfi, kuma tunanin masu saka jari ya karu.Koyaya, saboda ci gaba da raguwar farashin jigilar kayayyaki, farashin hannun jarin sashen ya sake komawa ƙasa kwanan nan, Maersk, Evergreen, Yangming da sauran kamfanoni sun taɓa yin sabon rahusa a wannan shekara.
A farkon watan Satumba, wasu kamfanonin jigilar kayayyaki da aka jera sun bayyana sakamakonsu na watan Agusta, wanda kuma ya nuna koma baya a kasuwa.Kudaden da Wanhai ta samu na dala biliyan 21.3 a watan Agusta shi ne mafi ƙanƙanta a kusan shekara guda kuma ya ragu da kashi 13.58 bisa ɗari daga wannan watan na bara.Kudaden da Yangming ya samu sun kai dala biliyan 35.1, wanda ya ragu daga shekarar da ta gabata zuwa ci gaban adadi guda na kashi 7 cikin dari.Kudaden shiga na Evergreen Marine ya ragu zuwa T $57.4bn, ya karu da kashi 14.83% a shekara.
A ranar 7 ga watan Satumba, Zhang Shaofeng, babban jami'in jigilar kayayyaki na Yangming, ya yarda cewa, a cikin watan Mayu, ya yi kyakkyawan fata wajen daidaita farashin kayayyaki, kuma faduwar kasuwa ya wuce yadda ake zato, kuma masu jigilar kwantena sun fuskanci matsin lamba daga masu jigilar kayayyaki don sake yin shawarwari kan farashin kwangila.
Zhang Shaofeng ya ce, saboda hauhawar farashin kayayyaki da ake amfani da su, yawan kayan dakon kaya ya ci gaba da "al'ada", a cikin shekaru biyu da suka gabata a Turai, kuma adadin layin da ya kai har lambobi biyar a halin da ba a saba gani ba, amma ba a koma baya ba. $ 2000 kafin cututtuka da ƙananan matakin ruwa, sannan duba watanni 10, idan ana sa ran hangen nesa na tattalin arziki game da ingantaccen ci gaba na jigilar teku, Rates suna da damar da za su daina fadowa ko ma sake dawowa.
Shugaban cibiyar kula da harkokin Asiya ta tekun Pasifik na Maersk, Andrew Coan, ya ce tun da farko dai harkokin sufurin jiragen ruwa a yankin Asiya na da kwanciyar hankali, kuma a halin yanzu kamfanin yana mai da hankali kan nahiyar Turai, da ke fuskantar kalubale kamar yajin aiki, matsalar karancin ruwan kogi da kuma karancin direbobin manyan motoci.Mahimmancin ƙungiyar Maersk Asiya shine rage tasirin waɗannan batutuwa ta hanyar haɗin gwiwar duniya, sa ido sosai kan abubuwan da ke faruwa da kuma tabbatar da cewa an samar da abokan ciniki tare da bayanan zamani don taimaka musu fuskantar kalubalen sarkar samar da kayayyaki a duniya.
Lokacin kololuwa ba ta wadata ba, masana'antar katin kafa ta sha wahala mafi munin kasuwa a cikin shekaru 10?
A matsayin muhimmin ɗan takara a kasuwar teku, tarin direbobin kati akan hasashen kasuwa yana da zurfi sosai.A baya dai an sha dogayen layuka kafin bikin tsakiyar kaka da kuma ranar kasa yayin da masu jigilar kayayyaki ke ta garzaya domin kai kayayyaki, amma a bana lamarin ya sauya.
Kwanan nan, wani mai amfani da yanar gizo ya wallafa wani faifan bidiyo yana mai cewa, "Mashafin ruwa na Waigaoqiao da ke birnin Shanghai na cike da manyan motocin dakon kaya, wanda ya kai tsawon kilomita da dama."'Yan jarida sun ziyarci kuma sun gano cewa irin waɗannan bidiyon an wuce gona da iri.Amma dangane da matsayin masana'antu, yawancin direbobin katin saiti suna nuna cewa yanayin kasuwa yana da ƙasa kaɗan.
Yang, wanda ya dade yana zirga-zirga a kusa da tashar jiragen ruwa ta Shanghai, ya ce a cikin shekaru biyu da suka gabata, yawan motocin da ke karbar kati na da yawa, kuma gasar kasuwa ta yi zafi sosai.Koyaya, saboda sake barkewar cutar, yanayin "ƙarin motoci da ƙarancin kaya" ya sa masu aikin jigilar kaya su ɗauki matsi mafi girma.
A Shenzhen, tashar tashar Yantian, titin Shekou a kusa da ita kuma akwai ƙarin wuraren ajiye motocin dakon kaya.Dalili kuwa, masana’antar ta yi nuni da cewa, a daya bangaren, idan aka yi la’akari da karancin kaya, direbobin manyan motocin dakon kaya sun dade suna jiran oda, yin ajiye motoci a bakin titi ya fi dacewa, amma kuma a ajiye kudin ajiye motoci, ko da a wurin. haɗarin filin ajiye motoci ba bisa ka'ida ba "lafiya";A daya bangaren kuma, an samar da wuraren ajiye motoci da dama don yin amfani da su, sannan kuma wurin da wurin ajiye motoci ya yi matukar matsewa, wanda hakan ya sa direbobin ba su dace ba.
Katin tuƙi kimanin shekaru 13 na Master Hu ya shaida wa manema labarai cewa motar kasuwa, ƙananan ƙananan kayayyaki, gasa mai tsanani, ya bar direban ya ba da odar matsin lamba sau biyu.Tare da hauhawar farashin mai, odar manyan motocin kwantena ba su da arha, yana sa ya yi wahala a tallafawa ribar farin ciki."Na saba samun oda kusan kowace rana, amma na ba da umarni uku tun watan Satumba."Mista Hu ya ce direbobi kan zabi yin hutu ne idan ba su gamsu da farashi ba.
Mista Wu, wanda ke gab da yin ritaya, ya yarda cewa a cikin fiye da shekaru 10 da ya kwashe yana jigilar kaya a tashar jiragen ruwa, "kasuwar bana ita ce mafi rauni"."Na kasance ina yin ciniki da kamfanonin dabaru lokacin da nake karbar oda, amma yanzu kusan babu inda za a yi shawarwari," in ji Wu.
Kashi na hudu na masana'antar jigilar kayayyaki ya kasance mai muni yayin da bukatar duniya ta raunana
Ga kasuwar sufuri ta duniya, kashi na uku shine lokacin kololuwar gargajiya.Amma daga watan Yuli zuwa Satumba na wannan shekara, kasuwar ta kasa farfadowa kamar yadda aka tsara, amma ta ci gaba da fuskantar matsin lamba, ta yadda da dama daga cikin masu lura da al’amura suka yi nishi cewa “kasuwar masu sayarwa” ta rikide gaba daya ta zama “kasuwar masu saye”.
Rahoton da Maersk ya bayar a baya ya lura da cewa ra'ayin tattalin arziki mai rauni a cikin manyan tattalin arzikin yammacin Turai da kuma rashin jinkirin buƙatun masu amfani sun haifar da ƙarancin aiki a lokacin kololuwar wannan shekarar.
Chen Zhen mai bincike kan harkokin nan gaba dan jarida wanda ya kafa Securities Times ya yi hira da manema labarai ya ce, daga matakin da ake iya dauka a bangaren bukata, da rikicin da ke tsakanin Rasha da Ukraine ya shafa, da kuma kasashen Turai da babban bankin Amurka na kara yawan kudin ruwa cikin sauri, da kara habaka tattalin arzikin duniya. matsin lamba na ƙasa, riga a cikin koma bayan fasaha a Amurka, matsin tattalin arziƙin Turai ya fi girma, haɓakar buƙatun iri ɗaya ya ragu sosai a Turai da Amurka, Manyan dillalan Amurka sun soke biliyoyin umarni.
A bangaren samar da kayayyaki, karfin kwantena na duniya ya karu da kashi 3.9% a shekara a cikin kwata na uku, wanda ya kasance a matsakaicin matsayi a cikin shekaru bakwai da suka gabata.Saboda ƙarancin buƙata, ƙarancin iya aiki ya kai kololuwa a cikin shekaru biyar da suka gabata.Ko da yake an sami yajin aiki a yawancin tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Turai da Amurka, gabaɗayan yanayin ingancin aikin tashar jiragen ruwa da ingancin jigilar jiragen ruwa ya karu tare da ɗaukar matakan kula da COVID-19 a ƙasashe da yawa, wanda ya haifar da haɓakar iya aiki na gaske.
Chen Zhen ya yi imanin cewa, kashi na hudu na kasuwannin jigilar kayayyaki na duniya har yanzu ba a yi kyakkyawan fata ba, za a yi karancin lokacin kololuwa, farashin kayayyaki zai kara raguwa.Haƙiƙa farashin a cikin kwata na huɗu ya yi ƙasa da matakin bara kuma ma ya yi ƙasa da na kwata na uku na wannan shekara.Bugu da kari, a cikin watanni hudu masu zuwa na wannan shekara, adadin sabbin jiragen ruwa zai kasance kadan, amma za a mayar da hankali kan harba a cikin shekaru biyu masu zuwa, kuma kasashe da yawa za su sassauta matakan dakile yaduwar cutar, wanda zai kara matsin lambar samar da kayayyaki. kaifi.Ƙididdigar tabo za ta ƙara yin rauni a shekara mai zuwa, kuma farashin dogon lokaci kuma zai ragu sosai a shekara mai zuwa.
Shassie Levy, shugaban zartarwa kuma wanda ya kafa Shifl, dandamalin jigilar kayayyaki na dijital, ya yi imanin cewa kafin barkewar cutar, farashin daga China zuwa Los Angeles na iya yin ƙasa da $ 900 zuwa $ 1,000, a lokacin da kamfanonin jigilar kaya za su yi asarar kuɗi da yawa.Yanzu, tashoshin jiragen ruwa na New York da Los Angeles suna ganin raguwar ƙimar ƙima, kuma waɗannan ƙimar za su yi tasiri sosai, suna tura buƙatu da ƙimar ƙasa har ma da ƙari.Amma Levy ya lura cewa yayin da farashin kaya ya ragu daga mafi girman su, har yanzu sun ninka kusan sau biyu kamar yadda suke kafin cutar.Kasuwar da alama tana komawa ga gasa lafiya, kuma farashin kaya zai dawo zuwa ga cikakken gasa.
Lokacin aikawa: Satumba-15-2022